Calculate χ² for the table.
- Observations must be independent; expected counts support the supplied large-sample approximation. Rejection is evidence of association, not causation.
Skills and prerequisite lessons
Working and explanation
BUILD THE REASONING
Hint 1
Use the paired-data summaries, preserving which observations belong together.
Hint 2
All expected cells are 3u/2.
Worked solution
Use the paired-data summaries, preserving which observations belong together.
Apply the stated relation and retain its conditions.
All four nonnegative cell contributions must be included.
The requested value is 21.3333333333.
Checks and common pitfalls: All four nonnegative cell contributions must be included.
Think first. Reveal a hint when the class is ready.