LEARN · EXPLAIN · REVISE

Three mutually perpendicular edges have lengths t,3,4. Find the squared space diagonal.

Read the idea, work independently, then explain what changed.

高二選擇性必修第一册(A版).pdf · 1.1 · PDF 7 / printed page 2

TOPIC 01

Space vectors and their operations

Add, scale and multiply space vectors; distinguish scalar and vector results.

Use one hint at a time. A correction explains what changed, not just the final answer.

01 / Transfer#Your turn

t=14

Skills and prerequisite lessons

Working and explanation

BUILD THE REASONING

Hint 1

Use the dot product to connect coordinates with length or angle.

Hint 2

Use this intermediate relation.

|u+v+w|^2=|u|^2+|v|^2+|w|^2

Worked solution

Use the dot product to connect coordinates with length or angle.
Apply the stated relation and retain its conditions.
$u\cdot v=u\cdot w=v\cdot w=0$
Apply the stated relation and retain its conditions.
$d^2=14^2+3^2+4^2=221$
Orthogonality removes all cross terms.

The requested value is 221.

Checks and common pitfalls: Orthogonality removes all cross terms.

Think first. Reveal a hint when the class is ready.

Teacher preparation and assessment

Operations: Addition and scaling act component by component.
$a+b=(a_1+b_1,a_2+b_2,a_3+b_3)$
Angle conditions: The angle formula requires two nonzero vectors; a dot product is a scalar.
$\cos\theta=\frac{a\cdot b}{|a||b|}$

A zero dot product indicates perpendicular directions only when both vectors are nonzero.